Iodine-131 treatment of thyroid cancer cells leads to suppression of cell proliferation followed by induction of cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest by regulation of B-cell translocation gene 2-mediated JNK/NF-kappaB pathways

Iodine-131 (131I) is widely used for the treatment of thyroid-related diseases. This study aimed to investigate the expression of p53 and BTG2 genes following 131I therapy in thyroid cancer cell line SW579 and the possible underlying mechanism. SW579 human thyroid squamous carcinoma cells were cultured and treated with 131I. They were then assessed for 131I uptake, cell viability, apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, p53 expression, and BTG2 gene expression. SW579 cells were transfected with BTG2 siRNA, p53 siRNA and siNC and were then examined for the same aforementioned parameters. When treated with a JNK inhibitor of SP600125 and 131I or with a NF-κB inhibitor of BMS-345541 and 131I, non-transfected SW579 cells were assessed in JNK/NFκB pathways. It was observed that 131I significantly inhibited cell proliferation, promoted cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Both BTG2 and p53 expression were enhanced in a dose-dependent manner. An increase in cell viability by up-regulation in Bcl2 gene, a decrease in apoptosis by enhanced CDK2 gene expression and a decrease in cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase were also observed in SW579 cell lines transfected with silenced BTG2 gene. When treated with SP600125 and 131I, the non-transfected SW579 cell lines significantly inhibited JNK pathway, NF-κB pathway and the expression of BTG2. However, when treated with BMS-345541 and 131I, only the NF-κB pathway was suppressed. 131I suppressed cell proliferation, induced cell apoptosis, and promoted cell cycle arrest of thyroid cancer cells by up-regulating B-cell translocation gene 2-mediated activation of JNK/NF-κB pathways.

Comparaçäo de captaçäo tireoidiana nos equipamentos Captus 600© e Thyrus© / Comparison between thyroid uptake values measured on Captus 600© and Thyrus© equipments

O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar valores de captaçäo tireoidiana medidos em dois equipamentos diferentes: uma sonda própria para as medidas de captaçäo (Captus 600© - Capintec, USA) e uma mini gama-câmera (Thyrus© - Adac Laboratories). Foram estudados 122 pacientes, sendo 110 do sexo feminino e 12 do sexo masculino, com idades variando de 4 a 81 anos (média de 42,2 anos). Administraram-se, por via oral, doses de 0,74 MBq a 3,7 MBq de NaûüûI e as medidas de captaçäo tireoidiana foram realizadas cerca de 24 horas após, em ambos os equipamentos. Para o cálculo da captaçäo utilizou-se, nos dois casos, a medida de um tubo contendo soluçäo padräo devidamente colocado em um "phantom" de pescoço. Aplicou-se o teste de Wilcoxon aos valores obtidos, resultando em z calculado de -4,35, com nível de significância p < 0,001, levando-nos à conclusäo de que há significativa diferença nas medidas de captaçäo nos dois equipamentos

High-dose iodine 131 treatment of hyperthyroidism: experience at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre

We have treated 186 Saudi patients [110 females, 76 males] with hyperthyroidism in the last 10 years. Case records of 100 patients were randomly selected for review. The female: male ratio was 1.4:1. The thyroid gland was diffusely enlarged in 46%, small, nodular, or gritty in 46%, and impalpable in 8%. Thyroid scanning revealed diffuse isotope uptake in 40% and patchy uptake in 60%. Ablative doses of 10 or 15 mC[i] of iodine 131 were given to 78 patients. The patients who become hypothyroid have been followed for a median of 18 months. Of these, 37% were hypothyroid at 3 months, 58% at 6 months, 36% at 9 months, and 68% at 12 months. The clinical presentation of hyperthyroidism appears to differ in Saudi Arabia compared with Western countries. The female: male ratio is significantly lower [P< 0.001], and classical Graves' disease less frequent. In large countries where follow-up may be difficult, ablative radioiodine treatment and subsequent thyroxine replacement have advantages over other treatment